Natural Gas & Coal

Mining Process

Welcome to the Mine

 

Do you envision shovels and pick axes when you picture mining? Think again. The mining profession has evolved over the years, utilizing innovative machinery that demands highly skilled mining operators.

Getting to the Coal

 

Eighty-eight percent of our coal is produced using longwall mining. Longwall systems have their own hydraulic roof supports for overlying rock that advance with the machine as mining progresses. Rock that is no longer supported by the coal that has been removed is allowed to fall behind the operation in a controlled manner.

This technical system uses a shearer that cuts 1,000 feet of coal into a single slice around one-two meters thick. Sensors detect how much coal remains in the seam while robotic controls enhance efficiency. The coal then falls onto a conveyor belt that transports it to a preparation plant for cleaning and distribution.

Mining Coal

 

How Does the Roof Stay Up?

 

An integral part of the longwall mining process is the continuous mining machines. These units are used to carve out the longwall panels by driving "entries" into the coal seam. Entries are tunnels that crisscross an underground mine, providing access for miners and equipment, streams of air for ventilation purposes, the dimensions of longwall panels and escape routes.

At certain CONSOL Energy and contract mines, traditional surface mining techniques using small stripping shovels, front-end loaders and dump trucks mine coal along ridge tops and transport it to preparation facilities. Most of these operations are located in central and southern West Virginia, eastern Kentucky and southwest Virginia.

Moving Coal from the Mine

 

Coal Preparation

 

Longwall Mining Advantages
  • Safer environment for miners: The longwall mining system consists of hydraulic jacks that support the roof where miners are working.
  • Controlled subsidence: Subsidence caused by longwall mining is largely predictable which allows for better planning and accountability.
  • Improved resource recovery: Longwall mining can recover up to 100 percent of coal compared to around 60 percent when using the room and pillar method.